Disputes

After many years of ignoring workers' attempts to get it to recognise unions, Ryanair finally agreed at the end of 2017.

But staff in a range of countries have continued to have issues with the company's employment practices, in particular its use of contracts based on Irish employment law and its insistence on paying staff through Irish bank accounts, which cause those based elsewhere extra inconvenience and costs.

In a complex industrial relations background, involving different disputes in different countries with cabin crew and pilots with their own grievances, Ryanair broadly says it is offering staff what they have asked for.

Image copyrightREUTERS

Image captionA striking cabin crew member at Frankfurt airport

But staff in certain parts of the company's cross-border operations plainly do not agree, because the possibility of further strike action remains.

Ryanair said in its statement it "cannot rule out further disruptions in [the third quarter], which may require full-year guidance to be lowered further and may necessitate further trimming of loss-making winter capacity".